Pieeee nicolai



P. NIGOLAI. Apparatus for Distilling Oil.

No. 225,635. Patented Mar. 16, 1880.

NJEFERS, PHOTO-UTIIOGRAPNER. WASNINRTDN. I10.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PIERRE NICOLAI, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

APPARATUS FOR DISTILLING OIL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 225,635, dated March16, 1880.

Application filed March 24, 1879.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, PIERRE N ICOLAI, ofParis, France, have invented certain Improvements in Apparatus forDistilling Greasy Substances, of which the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to construct apparatus for distilling oiland other greasy bodies so as to facilitate the operation ofdistillation and keep the still uniformly heated in all parts; and thisobject I attain in the manner which I will now proceed to describe,reference being had to the accompanying drawing, the figure in whichrepresents a sectional view J of my improved apparatus.

A is an upper receiver, into which the oil is first introduced to bedeodorized or purified before it is submitted to distillation proper. Inthe lower part of this reservoir, which may be of any desired form, isarranged a coil, B,-

through which is passed a current of steam, superheated, if desired, thesteam being introduced through the pipe 0, and making its exit throughthe pipe D.

E is a tube extending nearly to the bottom of the reservoir, and havingarose at its lower end. After the oil has been introduced into thisreservoir, and while it is subjected to the action of the heat from thecoil 13, I introduce through this pipe E air or gas, which, in beingforced up through the liquid, will carry off the noxious products. Thesedeleterious products pass off through the pipe F into the condenser G,where they may be condensed and collected.

II is a man'h ole, and l a valved exit-tube, by means of which thereservoir may be cleansed.

The oil, having undergone this preparatory process, passes from theupper reservoir through the pipe J, provided with a cock, into thereceiver or still M. This receiver consists of a double casing, of acylindrical or elliptical form, and surmounted by a chamber, N, ofcorresponding form. Into the center of this receiver projects, acylinder, K, with a double casing, which communicates with the doublecasing of the receiver. Around this cylindrical projection is arrangedan imperforate coil, L, entering the casing at P, and communicating,through the elbow Q, with the double casin g of the cylinder K.

The space 0, between the two casings of the receiver M, communicates,through the elbow R, with the chamber N, which is provided with anoutlet, S.

The receiver is provided with man-holes T T, outlets U U U and cooks VV, for cleaning the apparatus.

The steam entering the pipe P circulates through the coil L and doublecasings of the cylinder K and receiver M and the upper chamber, N. Owingto this extended heating-surface, the oil which passes through the pipeJ from the purifier will be thoroughly heated on all sides and bequickly brought to the boilingpoint without being subject to cooling byradiation, and as the atmospheric air is entirely excluded from thestill, there is no danger of the generation of any explosive mixture.

The products of distillation escape through the tube a into thecondenser, which is composed of the chamber 1) and coil 0 in the cooling-chamber c.

The chamber 1) is in communication, through a valved passage, f, with awater-reservoir, cl, so that as the products of distillation enter thechamber b they may be subjected to the action of a finely-divided sprayof water, regulated by the cock in the passage f. The chamber c is alsofed with water from the reservoir d, so that the products ofdistillation can be quickly condensed and collected, and the 0011-tinuous flow of the condensed hydrocarbons through the outlet 9 willproduce a partial vacuum in the receiver M and. facilitate theevaporation. If desired, this may be further facilitated by drawing thecondensed gases from the exi t g by means of some suction apparatus.

I am aware that a patent has been granted for a jacketed still providedwith a central projectin g dome and a steam-pipe but in such still thedome had no double easing, as in the present case, and the steam-pipewas perforated to discharge steam into the oil.

I claim as my invent-ion- The receiver M, provided with the doublecasing O and double-cased projection K, communicating with each other,in combination with a steam-coil, L, in communication with the casing ofthe said projection, all substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two sub scribing witnesses.

PIERRE NIGOLAI.

Witnesses:

J OSEPH DE LARGE, Rom. M. HOOPER.

